Reza Vashegani-Farahani; Abbasali Vafaei; Mitra Emami-Abargouei
Volume 16, Issue 1 , March and April 2009, , Pages 18-24
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Much evidence indicates that Mentha-piperita (MP) is traditionally applied for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and probably reduces smooth muscle contraction and bowel movement. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of MP Hydroalcoholic extract on ...
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Background and Purpose: Much evidence indicates that Mentha-piperita (MP) is traditionally applied for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and probably reduces smooth muscle contraction and bowel movement. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of MP Hydroalcoholic extract on ileum movement in guinea pig ileum in invitro model. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study we used 5 male guinea pigs (200-300 gr). After killing the guinea pigs at least 6 pieces of ileum 2-3 cm long were dissected and established in normal Tyrod solution plus carbogen gas in 37ºC. Then each tissue piece was fixed between two electrodes connected to stimulator apparatus. The contraction of ileum was carried to a physiograph by an isotonic transducer and contractions were recorded. Then solutions with 5 concentrations of MP extract were added to the organ bath during ileum stimulation with stimulator. Then the physiograph recorded the contractions again. At least 6-7 responses were recorded. Result: Findings revealed that addition of Hydroalcoholic extract of MP in concentrations of 5 15 50 150 500 mg/ml during 0.1 Hz stimulation decreased contraction duration in a dose-dependent manner. The percent of these changes were 27% 30.8% 41% 61% and 75% respectively. Activity of 50% of this effect of MP was found to be in the dose of 50 mg/ml (P
Abbas Ali Taherian; Mehdi Zahedi Khorasani; Zahra Mollashahi; Abbas Ali Vafaei
Volume 15, Issue 2 , July and August 2008, , Pages 65-72
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Previous studies suggest that the leaf of Trigonella foenum (TF) has analgesic anti-inflammatory and probably modulatory effects on sleep and anxiety reactions. The present study is intended to determine the effects of hydro - alcoholic extract of TF on anxiety and sleeping time ...
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Background and Purpose: Previous studies suggest that the leaf of Trigonella foenum (TF) has analgesic anti-inflammatory and probably modulatory effects on sleep and anxiety reactions. The present study is intended to determine the effects of hydro - alcoholic extract of TF on anxiety and sleeping time in mice. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study 140 male albino mice (25-30 gr) were used in 14 groups (n=10 in each group). Elevated plus maze (EPM) was used for the assessment of anxiety and experimental groups received hydro-alcoholic extracts of TF (50 100 200 400 and 80 mg/kg) as IP injection; sham group received saline (10 mg/kg IP injection) 30 minutes prior to evaluation; the control group did not receive any injection. 25 minutes after injection animals were put in a black box for 5 minutes in order to increase their activity; then they were transferred to the EPM for anxiety evaluation by two factors: the time spent and frequency of entrance to the open arms of the EPM. In order to assess sleeping time the Angel method (records of sleeping duration by physiograph) was used. 30 minutes before sleep assessment TF extract and saline were used for experimental and sham groups; the control group received nothing as what we did in anxiety evaluation. Finally ANOVA and Tukey tests were used for data analysis. Results: The findings indicated that the hydro-alcoholic extract of TF in doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly increased the time spent and frequency of entrance to the open arms of EPM (p
AA VAFAEI; S HAJ RAHIM KHAN; M ZAHEDI KHORASANI; M JARAHI; ABAS ALI TAHERIAN; H MILADI GORJI; H SADEGHI
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March and April 2008, , Pages 7-13
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Cuminum Cyminm (CC) is one of the plants whose aqueous extract is used in traditional medicine as anti-convulsive anti-epileptic and as a treatment for some visceral pains. However no substantial reports can be found of its effects on the peripheral pain in lab animals. Therefore ...
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Background and Purpose: Cuminum Cyminm (CC) is one of the plants whose aqueous extract is used in traditional medicine as anti-convulsive anti-epileptic and as a treatment for some visceral pains. However no substantial reports can be found of its effects on the peripheral pain in lab animals. Therefore this study was condcated to determine the effects of the IP injection of the aqueous extract of CC on the acute peripheral pain in Hot Plate (HP) and Tail Flick (TF) tests in mice.
Methods and Materials: This experimental study was conducted on 56 male Albino mice (8 groups each with 7 mice) weighing 25-30 gr. 200 and 500 mg/kg of the aqueous extract of CC or saline of the volume were injected intraperitoeally 30 minutes prior to the tests. Pain measrment criteria in the TF test was the response time to the pain by raising the tail and in the HP test the time to begin to lick the front legs or raising the rear feet.
Results: The IP injection of the CC aqueous extract with the doses of 200 and 500 mg/kg significantly increased the response time to the pain in HP and TF tests (P
AA TAHERIAN; AA VAFAEI
Volume 14, Issue 4 , January and February 2008, , Pages 192-197
Abstract
Background and purpose: One of the factors relations to anxiety is the change in endocrine hormones. Previous studies suggest that glucocorticoids might have a modulatory role in fear and anxiety. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the role of hydrocortisole in modulating the mice ...
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Background and purpose: One of the factors relations to anxiety is the change in endocrine hormones. Previous studies suggest that glucocorticoids might have a modulatory role in fear and anxiety. Therefore, the present study was designed to determine the role of hydrocortisole in modulating the mice anxiety in elevated plus maze.
Material and Methods: In this experimental study, 70 male mice (25-30 gr). Were randomly assigned into test, sham and control groups. The test mice received different doses of hydrocortisole (10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, S.C) as the agonist receptor of glucocorticoids; the sham group received the same volume of ethanol 2% plus saline, which was injected 30 minutes prior to anxiety assessment. The control group receined nothing. In order to increase the animals, activity and curiosity, they were led into a black box with checked walls for 5 minutes. Then, each animal was taken to the maze (a standard device for research purposes) at regular intervals. Evaluation indexes and anxiety reactions (frequency of entening into open armr and the time spent) were observed and recorded.
Results: the results indicated that hydrocortisole (20 and 50 mg) had significantly increased the frequency and duration of entrance into open arms, which is a sign of reducing anxiety (P
MH ESMAEILI; AA VAFAEI
Volume 14, Issue 3 , September and October 2007, , Pages 147-153
Abstract
Background and purpose: Opioids such as morphine are over used during pregnancy. These substances can probably induce long–term behavioral and psychological alterations (particularly learning and memory alterations) in exposed infants. This study was conducted to determine the effects of prenatal morphine ...
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Background and purpose: Opioids such as morphine are over used during pregnancy. These substances can probably induce long–term behavioral and psychological alterations (particularly learning and memory alterations) in exposed infants. This study was conducted to determine the effects of prenatal morphine exposure on the retrieval of spatial memory in rats.
Methods and Materials: In this experimental research, 18 pregnant wistar rats were assigned into three groups: The control group, the saline group and the morphine group. The control group received nothing but the saline and morphine groups received subcutaneus 0.5 mg saline and morphine (5mg/kg for 3 days and 10 mg/kg for 5 days) respectively, twice a day on 11-18 gestational days. After birth, 30 exposed pups of 90 days were trained in an 8-arm radial maze apparatus and their retrieval of spatial memory was assessed 48 hours and 1 week after training.
Results: The injection of morphine during pregnancy can seriously impair the retreival of spatial memory in childeren so that correct responses in the morphine- group rats were far less than correct responses in other groups, on the retrieval days (48 hours and 1 week after training ).
Conclusion: According to the findings, prenatal morphine exposure can impair the retrieval of spatial memory.